Factoring ยท Algorithms
Polynomial-time integer factorization (Ekera-Hastad)
Theorem statement
Suppose $p$ and $q$ are unknown distinct prime numbers satisfying $2^{n-1}<p,q<2^n$, and let $N=pq$ be known. There exists a quantum algorithm that returns $d\in\{p,q\}$ with probability at least $1-\eta$, using at most $6n+0.004n\log(2n)$ logical qubits, $\mathcal{O}(\log(1/\eta))\bigl(2.4n^3+0.004n^3\log(2n)\bigr)$ Toffoli gates, $\mathcal{O}(\log(1/\eta))\bigl(2000n^2+4n^2\log(2n)\bigr)$ maximal circuit depth, and $\mathcal{O}(\operatorname{poly}(n,\log(1/\eta)))$ classical arithmetic operations.
- $$p$$
- Unknown prime factor.
- $$q$$
- Unknown prime factor.
- $$n$$
- Factor bit length.
- $$N$$
- Known RSA modulus.
- $$d$$
- Recovered prime factor.
- $$\eta$$
- Failure probability parameter.
- $$\mathcal{O}$$
- Asymptotic upper-bound notation in the unverified public target.
Sources
- Quantum algorithms for computing short discrete logarithms and factoring RSA integers
Martin Ekera, Johan Hastad, 2017
- How to factor 2048 bit RSA integers in 8 hours using 20 million noisy qubits
Craig Gidney, Martin Ekera, 2019
Lean context
Copy a short prompt with the import, theorem name, citations, and public source link.