Signal transformation ยท Primitives

Linear combination of unitaries

Theorem statement

Suppose $\{U_k\}_{k=0}^{2^m-1}$ is a set of $n$-qubit unitaries and $A=\sum_{k=0}^{2^m-1}c_kU_k$ for positive coefficients $c_k$. Let $U=\sum_{k=0}^{2^m-1}\ket{k}\!\bra{k}\otimes U_k$, and let $V$ be an $m$-qubit unitary such that $V\ket{0}=\|c\|_1^{-1/2}\sum_{k=0}^{2^m-1}\sqrt{c_k}\ket{k}$. Then $W=(V^\dagger\otimes I^{\otimes n})U(V\otimes I^{\otimes n})$ satisfies $$ (\bra{0^{m}}\otimes I^{\otimes n})W(\ket{0^{m}}\otimes I^{\otimes n}) = \|c\|_1^{-1}A. $$

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