Estimation ยท Primitives

Hadamard test

Theorem statement

Let $U$ be a unitary. Then for any state $\ket{\psi}$, the output state $\ket{\psi'} = \mathtt{H}_1(\ket{0}\!\bra{0}\otimes I+\ket{1}\!\bra{1}\otimes U)\mathtt{H}_1\ket{0,\psi}$ satisfies $$ \bra{\psi'}(\ket{0}\!\bra{0}\otimes I)\ket{\psi'} = (1+\mathfrak{Re}\{\bra{\psi}U\ket{\psi}\})/2. $$
$\mathtt{H}_1$
Hadamard gate acting on the control qubit.

Sources

  1. A Polynomial Quantum Algorithm for Approximating the Jones Polynomial

    Dorit Aharonov, Vaughan Jones, Zeph Landau, 2006

  2. Quantum fingerprinting

    Harry Buhrman, Richard Cleve, John Watrous, Ronald de Wolf, 2001

  3. Quantum Computation and Quantum Information

    Michael A. Nielsen, Isaac L. Chuang, 2010

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